• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention herein pertains to 2 to 6 fluorinated methyl-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylic acid esters which may be substituted in the 4 position and to herbicidal compositions and methods utilizing said compounds.
    公开号:SU1565339A3
    申请号:SU843783502
    申请日:1984-08-10
    公开日:1990-05-15
    发明作者:Фанг Лее Лен
    申请人:Монсанто Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    3
    The device (Fig. 1) works as follows /
    A beam of 1 alkali metal or hydrogen atoms is directed to an inhomogeneous magnetic field in a Stern-Gerlach type 2 device, in which it splits into two beams with different polarization directions of the valence electron. One of the JQ of these beams enters the high-frequency resonator 3, in which a high-frequency electromagnetic field of large amplitude is excited. At a high amplitude of the electric field E, autoionization takes place — the extraction of valence electrons from atoms by the electric field due to the tunnel effect. The shape of the potential barrier U (g), B, is shown in FIG. 2. 20 The transparency coefficient of the barrier D depends on the magnitude of the electric field strength E, V / m, and the electron energy in the atom E, J, according to the number of free electrons to their original number, which was formed due to the tunnel effect. Then the total number of free polarized electrons is
    n D (Ј, E) VtnNK
    W
    This produces exactly the same number of ions, which obviously cannot be greater than the initial N number of atoms. The maximum achievable value of n is determined by the maximum allowable plasma density. The nMO ratio (Kt / N x depends on specific conditions and can reach 0.1-0.2. The maximum number of free polarized electrons can be obtained if the condition is met.
    P (Ј, E) l „ze / K
    (five)
    but the ratio / (
    -P (r) D (E, E) e gh
    where m is the electron mass, kg}
    h is Planck's constant, J “s, and the probability of an electron passing through the barrier is
    Р D (Ј, E) vt
    where -J is the oscillation frequency of the valence electron in an atom, Hz; t is the time during which
    an electric field is applied, equal to the pulse duration tM from the high-frequency electric field in the resonator, c.
    Thus, if in the cavity at the moment of excitation of electromagnetic oscillations there were N atoms with polarized valence electrons, then after the time tM the number of free electrons that passed through the potential barrier is
    D (Ј, E) -it MN.
    35
    40
    These liberated electrons, accelerated in the electric field of the resonator, ionize the atoms, as a result of which the number of free polarized electrons increases in an avalanche-like manner. We denote by K the relation of complete
    This formula determines the required 25 electric field strength in the resonator E, which ensures the obtaining of (1) the maximum current of a beam of polarized electrons.
    Receiving a high electric field strength of 30 is usually limited due to the development of a sample. However, in resonators operating on the TEOT wave, the indicated restrictions (2) are removed and obtaining the required field strengths is quite real. This is due to the fact that there is only one component of the electric field Ef which is tangential to all walls of the resonator, and vanishes on the machines themselves. Since, at a sufficiently high vacuum, the development of a breakdown is initiated from the walls, there are practically no restrictions on the increase in the strength of the electric field due to breakdown.
    Consequently, the intensity of the electric field in a resonator with a TEOG-G wave is determined only by the conditions JQ of its excitation.
    FIG. 3 shows the dependence of the electric field intensity, excited by the modulated electron beam 4 in the resonator 3 at TE01, - the wave from the pulsed current -. at a natural frequency of the resonator .f0 W SW Hz (curve A), Ј0 6-Yu3 Hz (curve B) and f 0 E 109 Hz (curve C).
    (3)
    the number of free electrons to their original number, which was formed due to the tunnel effect. Then the total number of free polarized electrons is
    n D (Ј, E) VtnNK
    W
    This produces exactly the same number of ions, which obviously cannot be greater than the initial N number of atoms. The maximum achievable value of n is determined by the maximum allowable plasma density. The nMO ratio (Kt / N x depends on specific conditions and can reach 0.1-0.2. The maximum number of free polarized electrons can be obtained if the condition is met.
    P (Ј, E) l „ze / K
    (five)
    The most convenient element for producing atomic polarized beams is hydrogen, since, unlike alkali metals, it is a gas. The flux of an atomic hydrogen beam can reach 10 10 7 atoms / s, which is significantly higher than for alkali metals. As the lightest element, it is most easily split in a Stern-Gerlach device. As a result, using hydrogen, one can obtain the highest pulsed intensity of a beam of polarized electrons. However, due to the high ionization potential (13.5 V), the field strength required for autoionization is of the order of 108 V / cm, which is practically unrealistic even in a resonator with a TEOT wave. This difficulty can be eliminated if the atomic beam is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation 5 with a wavelength, of
    h-
    definable
    BUT
    ch Ј „-Ј
    de
    h with
    (6)
    the energy of the first excited energy level in the atom, J. Planck constant, J C, speed of light, m / s.
    For an electron located at the first excited level in the hydrogen atom, the ionization potential is 3, B and its autoionization can occur when the intensity of the electric field is E 4 –106 V / cm, which is quite possible when using a resonator with a TE wave. real. It does not require a high intensity of ultraviolet radiation 5. Even if a negligible part of the atoms are excited and then ionized, then impact ionization of the remaining atoms by the electrons released and accelerated in the field E will result in a high pulse intensity of polarized electrons 6.
    The proposed method can be applied not only for hydrogen, but also when using alkali metal atoms. Since for them the ionization potential for the first is excited
    ,
    20
    25
    level is much lower, the field E required for autoionization can be obtained not only in resonators with a TE wave, but also in resonators with other types of oscillations.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. A method of producing pulsed beams of polarized electrons, comprising transmitting atomic beams of alkali metals or hydrogen through a non-uniform magnetic field in a Stern-Gerlach device, characterized in that, in order to increase the pulsed current of a polarized electron beam, the atomic beam with polarized in it, valence electrons, after being removed from a Stern-Gerlach-type device, are sent to a high-frequency resonator, in which electromagnetic oscillations with an amplitude of the electric field E, V / m are excited for which the coefficient of transparency of the potential barrier D satisfies the condition
    thirty
    D (Ј, E) vt.
    Well to
    five
    0
    five
    0
    where Ј, V K are energy, J, and frequency, Hz, of the oscillation of a valence electron in an atom, respectively;
    required current pulse duration of a beam of polarized electrons, s; the multiplication factor of electrons due to impact ionization of atoms, equal to the ratio of the total number of free electrons formed to the number of free electrons emitted from atoms, due to the tunnel effect during the time t H; the maximum attainable ratio of the number of ions formed to the original number of atoms.
    x 2 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the required electric field strength, the atomic beam in the high frequency resonator is subjected to ultraviolet radiation.
    715653398
    R1 - ethyl, n-progtil, furyl-2 with a priority on prizes auslovii that R - methyl, when-and m:
    yes A A2.11.08.83 with A A1, R - ethyl;
    in the amount of 0.1-10 kg / ha.24.04.8 with А A2, R - methyl.
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    DK385784A|1985-02-12|
    OA07790A|1986-11-20|
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    NO166752B|1991-05-27|
    YU140084A|1987-10-31|
    NZ209179A|1988-06-30|
    HU197172B|1989-03-28|
    CS610184A2|1988-07-15|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4771057A|1986-02-03|1988-09-13|University Of Alberta|Reduced pyridyl derivatives with cardiovascular regulating properties|
    US4908057A|1988-08-01|1990-03-13|Monsanto Company|Substituted 2,6-substituted 1,2- or 1,6-dihydro pyridine compounds|
    HU212237B|1990-03-19|1996-05-28|Monsanto Co|Process for preparation of 2-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4- -2,6 bisz-3,5-pyridinedicarbothioicacid-s,s-dimethylester|
    US5116991A|1990-03-19|1992-05-26|Monsanto Company|Process for preparation of fluoromethyl-substituted dihydropyridine carbodithioates|
    US5099024A|1990-03-19|1992-03-24|Monsanto Company|Process for preparation of fluoromethyl-substituted pyridine carbodithioates|
    US5099023A|1990-03-19|1992-03-24|Monsanto Company|Process for preparation of fluoromethyl-substituted pyridine carbodithioates|
    US5070204A|1990-03-19|1991-12-03|Monsanto Company|Process for preparation of fluoromethyl-substituted pyridine dicarboxylates|
    US5206369A|1992-01-21|1993-04-27|Monsanto Company|Process for the dehydration of dihydroxypiperidinedicarboxylates|
    WO1999041237A1|1998-02-13|1999-08-19|G.D. Searle & Co.|Substituted pyridines useful for inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US52228183A| true| 1983-08-11|1983-08-11|
    US60202284A| true| 1984-04-24|1984-04-24|
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